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[Spring]容器上下文的refresh概述.

JayminAuthor  · 掘金  ·  · 2021-02-08 17:12
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[Spring]容器上下文的refresh概述.

容器上下文的refresh

该方法在容器的抽象类AbstractApplicationContext中,是一种模板方法的实现,其中声明了容器刷新时核心的方法,具体源码请查看org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh.下面来看看其中声明的方法都有哪些.

  • prepareRefresh

在容器刷新前容器要预先做的准备工作.

  • obtainFreshBeanFactory

通知子类去刷新内置的beanFactory并返回ConfigurableListableBeanFactory实例.

  • prepareBeanFactory

将从obtainFreshBeanFactory()中获取到的beanFactory进行配置.

  • postProcessBeanFactory

允许在ApplicationContext子类中对beanFactory进行postProcessor(后置处理器)的注册。

  • invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors

激活容器中的beanFactoryPostProcessor,注意这里是容器级别的postProcessor.

  • registerBeanPostProcessors

注册拦截Bean创建的BeanPostProcessor.

  • initMessageSource

初始化容器的MessageSource->国际化配置

  • initApplicationEventMulticaster

事件发布器,想了解事件发布机制的可以看我的历史文章->点我前往

  • onRefresh

在特定ApplicationContext子类中初始化其他特殊bean,通常为单例Bean初始化之前。

  • registerListeners

注册事件监听器.

  • finishBeanFactoryInitialization

实例化所有的非懒加载的单例类.

  • finishRefresh

发布事件,例如ContextRefreshedEvent.

  • resetCommonCaches

重置Spring core的缓存区域.

前言

本文章所研究的容器实例为注解容器,即AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.

1. prepareRefresh

  • refresh
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
	    // startupShutdownMonitor是一个同步锁,防止容器在refresh或者destroy的时候发生并发冲突.
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
			prepareRefresh();
			...
		}
	}
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  • prepareRefresh

简要的总结:

  1. 切换容器状态为active.
  2. 初始化Environment的propertySources属性.一般指配置项.
  3. 验证是否可以解析必填的属性.
  4. 查看是否有事件监听器监听prepare行为,如果有进行注册。
  5. 创建ApplicationEvent.
	protected void prepareRefresh() {
		// 记录当前启动时的时间戳
		this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
		this.closed.set(false);
		// 1.切换容器状态为active
		this.active.set(true);

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Refreshing " + this);
			}
			else {
				logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName());
			}
		}

		// 2. 初始化Environment的propertySources属性.
		initPropertySources();

		// 3. 验证所有必填的属性是否可以被解析.
		// 参考 ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
		getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();

		// 4.存储容器启动前的事件监听器.
		if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {
			this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
		}
		else {
			// 如果不为空,则清除当前监听器列表中的监听器,将这些监听器注册.
			this.applicationListeners.clear();
			this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
		}

		// 5. 允许创建应用事件,当前事件发布器就绪时进行发布.
		this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	}
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2. obtainFreshBeanFactory

多态的实现,抽象方法,子类必须实现,最终都需要获取子类中的beanFactroy,即DefaultListableFactory.
如果是XML容器会在这里完成BeanDefinition的解析与注册过程.
但是注解容器只是仅仅做了容器状态的变更与设置DefaultListableFactory的serializationId.

  • AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory
	protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
		// 抽象方法,由子类实现.
		refreshBeanFactory();
		return getBeanFactory();
	}
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  • GenericApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory
	protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws IllegalStateException {
		// CAS比较当前容器上下文的refreshed是否为false,并设置为true
		if (!this.refreshed.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(
					"GenericApplicationContext does not support multiple refresh attempts: just call 'refresh' once");
		}
		this.beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
	}
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3. prepareBeanFactory

配置DefaultListableFactory.配置项清单如下:

  1. ClassLoader-类加载器.
  2. BeanExpressionResolver-SPEL表达式解析器.
  3. PropertyEditorRegistrar-注册属性编辑器.
  4. BeanPostProcessor-主要是处理ApplicationContextAware的processor.
  5. 忽略特殊接口的实现类,在自动装配的过程中会进行特殊处理.
  6. 注册解析的依赖项,例如容器需要beanFactory时,以这里的注入项为基础依赖.
  7. BeanPostProcessor-注册发现ApplicationListener的processor.
  8. LoadTimeWeaver-检测是否需要织入LoadTimeWeaverz.
  9. 配置默认的环境参数.
	protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
		// 将内置的BeanFactory的类加载器设置为当前容器的类加载器
		beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
		// 设置beanFactory的SPEL表达式的解析器
		beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		// 设置默认的propertyEditor
		beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));
		// Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
		// 配置BeanPostProcessor,处理应用程序定义实现ApplicationContextAware的Bean,将容器进行注入
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
		/**
		 * 在自动装配的时候,忽略实现以下接口的实现类.
		 * EnvironmentAware、EmbeddedValueResolverAware、ResourceLoaderAware、ApplicationEventPublisherAware
		 * MessageSourceAware、ApplicationContextAware
		 */
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

		// BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
		// MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
		// 修正依赖,注册一些自动装配的特殊规则,如果是BeanFactory的实现类,则将当前容器的beanFactory作为其需要的对象
		// 此时,容器的多职责体系出来了,充当ResourceLoader、ApplicationEventPublisher、ApplicationContext
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

		// Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
		// 注册触发阶段更早的postProcessor,ApplicationListenerDetector负责发现ApplicationListener的bean
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

		// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
		// 检测LoadTimeWeaver的存在,如果找到,则准备进行织入
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
			// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
			// 临时的类加载器,用作类型匹配.临时的类加载器用于管理临时的代理类
			beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		}

		// Register default environment beans.
		// 设置默认environment环境的beans
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
		}
		// systemProperties
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
		}
		// systemEnvironment
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
		}
	}
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4. postProcessBeanFactory

钩子方法,交由子类实现,注解容器并未选择去实现这个方法.所以这里略过.

protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
}
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5. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors

激活在容器中注册为bean的BeanFactoryPostProcessor。
简短的概括为: 实例化并调用所有注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor Bean,并遵循显式顺序(如果给定)。感兴趣的朋友可以看我的注解容器扫描过程中,是如何通过内置的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor来加载注解标记bean的.

[Spring]Spring的PostProcessor-后置处理器

[Spring]基于注解的AnnotationConfigApplicationContext组件扫描过程

6. registerBeanPostProcessors

注册bean级别的postProcessor.在之后Bean的实例化过程中,会去执行这些BeanPostProcessor的方法.

	protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this);
	}
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7. initMessageSource

初始化国际化配置。如果没有定义,则使用默认的.

8. initApplicationEventMulticaster

初始化ApplicationEventMulticaster.其中SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster为Spring的默认事件发布器,可以通过配置线程池与开启异步调用的方式进行异步消费.

	protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() {
		ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
		// applicationEventMulticaster,如果容器中包含,则通过getBean的方式进行装配
		if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			this.applicationEventMulticaster =
					beanFactory.getBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]");
			}
		}
		// 否则,使用SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster进行实现.向容器中注册一个单例对象
		else {
			this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("No '" + APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME + "' bean, using " +
						"[" + this.applicationEventMulticaster.getClass().getSimpleName() + "]");
			}
		}
	}
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9. onRefresh

在特定ApplicationContext子类中初始化其他特殊bean,通常为单例Bean初始化之前。
钩子方法,注解容器未实现此方法.
如果是SpringBoot工程,基于web的AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext会在这里进行容器的配置.

10. registerListeners

分为3步:

  1. 注册静态指定的监听器.
  2. 获取所有ApplicationListener的beanName.
  3. 前面进行了发布器的注册,现在可以发布一些early event.
	protected void registerListeners() {
		// Register statically specified listeners first.
		// 首先注册静态指定的侦听器。
		for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
			getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
		}

		// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
		// uninitialized to let post-processors apply to them!
		// 不要在这里初始化FactoryBeans:我们需要保留所有常规bean
		// 未初始化,以使后处理器适用于它们!
		String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
		for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
			getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
		}

		// Publish early application events now that we finally have a multicaster...
		// 前面进行了发布器的注册,现在可以发布一些发生较早的事件
		Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents;
		this.earlyApplicationEvents = null;
		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(earlyEventsToProcess)) {
			for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) {
				getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent);
			}
		}
	}
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11.finishBeanFactoryInitialization

完成此上下文的bean工厂的初始化,初始化所有剩余的单例bean。
聚焦在实例化这三个字.

  1. Spring注册了EmbeddedValueResolver用来解析Value属性。
  2. 注册了一些用于AOP操作的LoadTimeWeaverAwares.
  3. 缓存BeanDefinition元数据.
  4. 开始实例化剩余的非延迟加载的单例类(容器默认注册的bean都是这个级别.)

	/**
	 * Finish the initialization of this context's bean factory,
	 * initializing all remaining singleton beans.<br>
	 * 完成此上下文的bean工厂的初始化,初始化所有剩余的单例bean。
	 */
	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Initialize conversion service for this context.
		// 类型转换器
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		// 注册一个解析器,主要用来解析@Value("${xxx.xxx}")或者在xml中定义的<value = "${xxx.xxx}">的信息
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		// 更早地实例化LoadTimeWeaverAware beans 以便更早地注册它们的transformers.
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		// 停止在prepareBeanFactory中设置的临时用作类型匹配的类加载器
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		// 缓存所有BeanDefinition元数据,不希望在之后的操作中发生变化
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
		// 实例化剩余的所有非延迟加载的单例bean
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}
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  • DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons

此处阐述了从BeanDefinition到Bean的过程,并且为@EventListener提供了切面与适配器的处理.

	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
		}

		// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
		// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
		// 遍历一个副本以允许使用init方法,这些方法依次注册新的bean定义。
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
		// 触发所有非延迟加载的单例bean的实例化方法
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			// 在前面注解容器中加载的是GenericBeanDefinition,此处转化成了RootBeanDefinition.
			// 这里主要是为了兼容一些具有继承关系的BeanDefinition.
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			// 非抽象类(可实例化)、单例类、非延时加载
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
				// 是否为工厂方法的方式进行实例化
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
					// &+beanName
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(
									(PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						}
						else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							// 关键方法,创建bean
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				}
				else {
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
		// 经过上面的循环,bean已经完全处理完毕了.
		// @EventListener标注的方法被DefaultEventListenerFactory包装成ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.
		// @EventListener中的classes就是事件对象
		// ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter注册到ApplicationContext中.
		// 等待事件源发布通知.
		// 通知后执行的逻辑就是标注@EventListener的方法逻辑
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			// 从容器缓存中获取bean实例,EventListenerMethodProcess.
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				else {
					// 非处理过的类,非Spring内部类进行处理,提取其中的@EventListener方法实例,然后使用AOP代理为ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter。
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
	}
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12. finishRefresh

完成了容器上下文的刷新工作后:
1.清除资源缓存.
2.注册容器生命周期处理器并回调LifecycleProcessor's onRefresh().
3.发布ContextRefreshedEvent.
4.如果激活了JSM,那么提供JMS的支持.

	protected void finishRefresh() {
		// Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
		// 清除上下文级别的缓存,如扫描到的ASM元数据
		clearResourceCaches();

		// Initialize lifecycle processor for this context.
		// 实例化上下文的生命周期处理器
		initLifecycleProcessor();

		// Propagate refresh to lifecycle processor first.
		// 首先传播刷新事件给这个生命周期处理器
		getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

		// Publish the final event.
		// 发布最终的事件
		publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

		// Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
		// 如果激活了,参与到LiveBeansView MBean中.JMS
		LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
	}
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13.resetCommonCaches

重置Spring core的缓存区域.也许再也不需要单例bean的元数据了.

	protected void resetCommonCaches() {
		ReflectionUtils.clearCache();
		AnnotationUtils.clearCache();
		ResolvableType.clearCache();
		CachedIntrospectionResults.clearClassLoader(getClassLoader());
	}

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