写作话题 | 家庭，朋友与周围的人(常用词汇、短语和优秀句型)

子话题(一)　相关人员

1．家人

grandparents n．　祖父母，外祖父母

grandfather n.  爷爷，外公

grandmother n.  奶奶，外婆

grandchild n.  (外)孙子或孙女

grandson n.  孙子，外孙

granddaughter n.  (外)孙女

stepfather n.  继父

stepmother n.  继母

father-in-law n.  岳父；公公

mother-in-law n.  岳母；婆婆

brother-in-law n.  姐(妹)夫；小叔；大伯

sister-in-law n.  嫂子，弟媳

daughter-in-law n.  儿媳

uncle n.  叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父

aunt n.  婶；伯母；舅妈；姑妈；姨

nephew n.  侄子，外甥

niece n.  侄女，外甥女

cousin n.  堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹

housewife n.  家庭主妇

couple n.  夫妇，一对

host n.  主人；节目主持人

hostess n.  女主人

bride n.  新娘

bridegroom n.  新郎

twin n.  双胞胎

2．朋友和周围的人

relative n.  亲属，亲戚

partner n.  伙伴；同伴

fellow n.  同伴；伙伴

monitor n.  班长

pen?pal n.  笔友

net?pal n.  网友

stranger n.  陌生人

director n.  主任

headteacher n.  班主任；中小学校长

headmaster n.  (中小学)校长

neighbour n.  邻居，邻人

villager n.  村民

roommate n.  室友，舍友

acquaintance n.  熟人；相识

elder n.  长辈；老人；父辈

senior n.  年长者；高年级生

junior n.  年幼者；低年级生

adult n.  成年人

teenager n.  青少年

middle age n.  中年

companion n.  同伴；同事；伴侣

colleague n.  同事，同僚

president n.  总统；董事长；大学校长

chairman n.  主席

manager n.  经理

子话题(二)　人际关系

1．和谐的人际关系

harmony n．　和睦，和谐

harmonious adj.  和谐的

friendly adj.  友好的

considerate adj.  体贴的

admirable adj.  值得赞赏的，可钦佩的

respectful adj.  恭敬的，有礼貌的

consult vt.  请教；商量

appreciate vt.  欣赏；感激

associate vt.  使联合

respect vt.& n.  尊重

understand vt.  理解；领会

understanding n.  理解

accompany vt.  陪同，陪伴

share vt.  分享，共同使用

cooperate vi.  合作

forgive vt.  原谅

congratulate vt.  祝贺

congratulation n.  祝贺

precious adj.  珍贵的

grateful adj.  感激的

sincere adj.  真诚的

conscience n.  良心；良知

merciful adj.  宽大的；仁慈的

modest adj.  谦虚的；谦逊的

reliable adj.  可信赖的

patient adj.  有耐心的

trust vt.  相信；信任

promote vt.  促进；提升

make up   和解

communicate with  与……交流

be ready to help others  乐于助人

be concerned for/about  对……担心/关心

share ...with ...  与……分享……

depend/rely on  依靠，相信，信赖

have ...in common  有共同之处

fit in with  与……相适应/相融洽

get on/along well with sb.  与某人相处融洽

be in harmony with ...  与……和谐相处/协调

be on good terms with sb.  与某人关系好

2．不和谐的人际关系

fight n．& vi.  打架；打斗

quarrel n．& vi.  争吵；吵架

conflict n.  冲突

tolerance n.  忍受

barrier n.  屏障，障碍

friction n.   摩擦

prejudice n.  偏见，成见

tension n.   紧张局势

abandon vt.  抛弃，舍弃，放弃

abuse vt.  虐待；辱骂；滥用

divorce vt.  离婚

condemn vt.  谴责，指责，宣判

blame  vt.  责备，指责

complain vt.& vi.  抱怨

embarrass vt.   使尴尬

misunderstand vt.   误会；误解

bother vt.  打扰；麻烦

break up  分手；解散；结束

be bored with  厌烦

be fed up with  受够了

be to blame  应受责备

have words with   与……发生口角

二、话题佳句

1．I didn't realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.

直到上高中我被选为班长时我才意识到与他人合作的重要性。

2．Just as the saying goes, "One tree doesn't make a forest"， our success is based on cooperating with others.

正如谚语所言："独木难成林"，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。

3．We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.

我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐的生活是绝对必要的。

4．With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.

拥有友谊，生活就会快乐又和谐；没有友谊，生活就会充满敌意与不幸。

5．As far as I'm concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.

就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。

6．As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart?to?heart talks with their parents when they grow older.

众所周知，当孩子们长大的时候，他们与他们的父母进行知心交谈的时间更少了。

7．As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.

众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系，也有利于构建和谐社会。

8．It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.

正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。

9．I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British culture.

我希望我们之间能相互保持联系，这样我们就可以相互交流，从而了解更多的中国和英国的文化。

10．Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.

因此，不管将来发生什么事情我们都应该保持冷静，只有用这种方式我们才能恰当地处理问题并维护好我们的友谊。

三、连句成篇

1. 一个获得过诺贝尔奖的作家在他15岁的时候过着非常艰苦的生活。（定语从句）

2. 为了照顾生病的母亲，他不得不靠为报纸写文章谋生。

3. 他的老板对他要求非常严格，这导致了一个事实，即他在写作方面很有经验。（非限制性定语从句，同位语从句）

4. 他的一本书获得了2010年最佳畅销书称号，并得到了全世界的关注。

5. 很多人情不自禁地学习他的乐观精神，所以他的成功给我们树立了好榜样。

A writer who won the Nobel Prize led a very tough life at the age of 15. Therefore, in order to look after his sick mother, he had to earn his living by writing articles for a newspaper. However, his boss was very strict with him, which resulted in a fact that he was experienced in writing. To his delight, one of his books was given the title of The Best Seller in 2010, and got the world’s attention. As a result,many people couldn’t help learning his positive spirit, so his success set a good example to us.